Types of Civilization

 

 

We as human believe that 10-20 billion yrs ago due to the big bang, the universe got the form as we are witnessing it today. We got our sun, planets, moon, stars all are part of our universe. There are many universes which can't be seen by naked eyes. Thousands of year passed, as human, we have grown too far with science. Many people are searching for the planet which will have an atmosphere as earth and human can live there because the way we have progressed, we did never think about consequences that may bother us in near future. A scientist has found some stars which are similar to earth and the nearest star is about 4.3 light years away from us named "Alpha Century". It is very far, we have developed but not that enough to reach this far distance because it will take around 2 centuries to reach there. The scientist is working hard to get enough speed as a light year but its gonna take some while.

One day humans have to leave earth due to its unsurvivability in future but in search of living star we are forgetting the fact that we may get other living civilization about whom we know nothing, they may have more advanced than us. We surely for now know nothing.

Soviet astronomer Nikolai Kardashev has proposed Three Types of Civilizations

1. Type 1 Civilization (Planetary)

 

These civilizations are able to harness a utilize all the energy that reaches the planet and the energy it can produce. According to theoretical physicist Michio Kaku, type 1 civilization should be able to influence the weather, control volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, influence global flora and fauna. It must also masters space travel to reflect space debris within that time frame which we can not.

2. Type 2 Civilization (Stellaris)

 

This civilization becomes interplanetary, getting energy from the stars is not an easy process to do that we will have to build a megastructure called Dyson Sphere, it must completely enclose a star and capture all of its energy. To reach to type 2 civilizations humans will take 3200 years.

3. Type 3 Civilization (Galactic)

 

This civilization can harness the energy from the entire galaxy, It is about 1000,000 to 1 million years more advanced than us. We can't even imagine the level of Technological advancement development and nothing is known to science that is capable of destroying type 3 civilization.

As above, we stand nowhere against them. We can not deny that if we ever try to live earth and go to another star for survival and if we meet any of above civilization, how we gonna react then.

We just can think that we are alone until and unless we meet any of them.

Big Data

Big data is similar to Small data, but having data bigger consequently requires different approaches, techniques, tools and architecture to solve new problems and old problrms in better way.

Why Big Data is Preferred
-Increase of storage capacities
-Increase of processing power
-Availability of data

Tools used in Big-Data
-No SQL: Database, Couch Db
-Map Reduce: Hadoop, Hive, Cascading
-Storage: S3, Hadoop Distributed File System
-Servers: EC2, Google App Engine
-Processing: R,Yahoo! Pipes

When Big Data is really a hard problem?
-When the operations on data are complex, for example simple counting is not a complex problem.
-Modeling and reasoning with data of different types can get truly complex.
Often, because of vast amount of data, modeling techniques can get simpler, for example smart counting replace complex model based analytics.

Applications of Big Data
1.Health care
The level of data generated within healthcare systems is important. Traditionally, the health care industry fell behind in using Big Data, because of limited ability to standardize and consolidate data.
But now Big data analytics have become better healthcare by providing personalized medicine and dictatorial analytics. Researchers are extracting the data to see what treatments are more effective for particular conditions, identify patterns related to drug side effects, and gains other important information that can help patients and reduce costs.

2.Manufacturing
Predictive manufacturing provides near-zero downtime and transparency. It requires an enormous amount of data and advanced prediction tools for a systematic process of data into useful information.

Major benefits of using Big Data applications in manufacturing industry are:
-Product quality and defects tracking
-Supply planning
-Manufacturing process defect tracking
-Output forecasting

3.Media & Entertainment
Various companies in the media and entertainment are facing new business models, for the way they - create, market and distribute their content. This is happening because of current consumer's search and the requirements of accessing content anywhere, any time, on any device.
Big Data gives actionable points of information about millions of individuals. Now, publishing environments are cutomizing advertisements and content to appeal consumers.
Big Data benefits media and entertainment industry by:
-Predicting what the audience wants
-Scheduling optimization
-Increasing acquisition and retention
-AD targeting

4.Government
The use and adoption of Big Data withing governmental processes allows efficiencies in terms of cost, productivity, and innovation. In government use cases, the same data sets are often applied across multiple applications and it requires multiple departments  to work in collaboration.

Advantages of Big Data
1.Cost Saving: Some tools of Big data like Hadoop and Cloud-Based Analytics can bring cost advantages to business when large amounts of data are to be stored and these cost tools also help in identifying more efficient ways of doing business.

2.Time Reduction: The high speed of tools like Hadoop and in-memory analytics can easily identify new sources of data which helps businesses analyzing data immediately and make quick decisions based on the learning.

3.New Product Development: By knowing the trends of customer needs and satisfaction through analytics you can create products according to the wants of customers.

Disadvantages of Big Data
-Traditional storage can cost lot of money to store big data
-lots of big data is unstructured
-Big data analysis violates principals of privacy
-It can be used for manipulation of customer records
-It may increase social stratification

Oppo F9

Last month Oppo launched the F9 Smartphone in the same event where F9 Pro was launched. The F9 was overshadowed by its sibling and also face competition from another smartphone available in the same price range.

Design:
1) The smartphone got a diamond-cut pattern which isn't visible at all times but pops up when the light at a certain angle.
2) It is made out of plastic and its highlight feature is the display.
3) It has a small notch compared to other smartphones which are called "Water drop design" By Oppo. The notch only contains the selfie camera.
4) The earpiece is cleverly positioned above it helping it making the notch smaller.
5) The proximity sensor is present to the right of the notch which might cause the interference when the screen protector is placed on it.
6) It already contains a pre-applied screen protector.
7) While the back panel gives an impression of glass it is made of plastic and will pick up scratches if not in the case.
8) The Sim tray has two nano sim slot and a dedicated micro SD card slot.
9) Fingerprint sensor beside the camera.

Specification:
1) It is powered by MediaTek Helio P60 octa-core SOC.
2) It has 4GB of RAM and 64GB of internal storage which is expandable up to 256GB.
3) It has a 6.3-inch display with the Full HD+ support and a 19.5:9 aspect ratio.
4) 3500 mAh battery but it doesn't support fast charging.
5) Android 8.1 Oreo and run the July security patch.
6) It has a customized interface and you get many preinstalled app.
7) It has a floating panel on the side which lets you access a few function and apps.
8) It fairly got warm while playing high-end games like PUBG with fast battery drainage.
9) Oppo horizontally mounted the dual camera setup which contains a 16-Megapixel primary camera sensor and a 2-Megapixel depth sensor.
10) 16-Megapixel selfie camera.
11) Google lens in integrated inside the camera app. App provides a different setting like HDR and filters.

Pros:
1) 1080p video recording support from both front and rear camera. Video Stabilisation is available.
2) Great Battery life.
3) Vivid display.
4) Gorilla Glass 6 for screen protection.
5) Helio P60 is good enough to get the job done.

Cons:
1) No fast charging.
2) Below-average low light camera performance.
3) Heats up under load.
4) Plastic back.


It comes in a different color Purple which looks different from black and gold colored smartphone present in the market.

Motorola One Power: The Real Power?

Lenovo owned Motorola launched their new smartphone Motorola One Power. This is the first product to come out of Motorola's new partnership with Google. The smartphone is officially a part of the Android One program which means fast and timely updates.

It is the first smartphone from Motorola to support notch in India.

Design:

1) Moto has listened to our demand and given us both moto logo and fingerprint in the same place this is something we've been asking for quite a time.
2) It has a big 6.2-inch display with a Motorola branding on the bottom bezel.
3) The phone is slightly bulky and makes its presence felt in hand.
4) It has a metal back plate but the side is made out of plastic.
5) At the bottom, it has two speaker grills which only the right one houses the speaker which is positioned in a way that you can accidentally mute it when holding the phone in landscape.

Specifications:
1) Powering the smartphone is an octa-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 636 Soc.
2) There is a micro SD card slot which lets you expand storage up to 256GB.
3) The 6.2 inch IPS display supports Full HD resolution and a 19:9 aspect ratio. It has a good viewing angle and the display is legible when outdoors.
4) Only one sim can latch to 4G while other is restricted to the 3G network only.
5) It runs on Android 8.1 Oreo and also promises security updates for three years and Android updates for 2 years.
6) 5000 mAh powerful battery and 15W turbocharge. It takes almost two and a half hour to charge completely.
7) The Dual Camera set up at the back consists of a 16-Megapixel primary Camera with phase detection autofocus and a 5-megapixel secondary depth sensor.
8) At the front, it has a 12-megapixel selfie shootout with f/2.0 aperture and a 1.25-micron pixel size the camera app is by Motorola and has photo video portrait and expert mode to choose from. Google lens is also present inside the camera app and lets you search and identify objects you're pointing at.

Usually, phones with huge battery capacities fell bulky and difficult to use.
One Power in hand is heavier than the other smartphones but it doesn't feel as much bulky.

Pros:
1) Good battery life.
2) Decent build quality.
3) Turbocharger support.

Cons:
1) Low-Light Camera performance is not good.
2) No Video Stabilisation.
3) Lack of 4G dual sim support.
4) Heavy and Bulky as it weighs more than 200gm.
5) The fingerprint scanner is not the fastest but accurate.

Only one variant is available that is 4GB/64GB with the price of Rs.15,999.

Cyber Security

As technology continues to evolve so also do the opportunities and challenges it provides. We are at a crossroads as we move from a society already wrap around with the internet to the coming age of automation, Big Data, and the internet of Things (IoT).
But as a society that runs largely on technology, we are also as a result dependant on it. Technology not only bring ever greater benefits, but it also brings some great threats.

What is cybersecurity?
As with any technological advance throughout history, with the creation of new opportunities, there will always be those people that exploit them for their own gain.

Despite the threat of viruses and malware almost since the beginning of computing. Awareness of the security data with computer systems didn't gain any attention until the explosive growth of the internet.
Since then, and with internet penetration globally at an estimated 3.4 billion users, the opportunities for cybercrime have ballooned exponentially.

The need for Cyber Security
Cybersecurity is now considered an important part of individuals and families, as well as organizations, governments, educational institutions, and our business, It's essential for families and parents to protect the children and family members from online fraud. In terms of financial security, it is very important for us to secure our financial information that may affect our personal life. The Internet is very important and beneficial for faculty, student, staff, and educational institutions have provided lots of learning opportunities with a number of online risks. There is need of the hour for internet users to understand how to import is to protect themselves from online fraud and identity theft.

Various Forms of Cybercrime
Cybercrime denotes criminal activity including internet, computers or any other inter-connected infrastructure. The term that covers crimes like phishing, credit card frauds, illegal downloading, industrial espionage, child pornography, scams and so on.

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1. Cyber Stalking
It is defined as an act which is frequently done by intruding into individual personal life to cause distress, anxiety, and fear.

2.E-mail Bombing
It is sending of a large number of e-mails to a targeted person. A large number of e-mails simply fill up the person.

3.Phishing
It is a kind of fraudulent attempt that is made through email, to capture personal and financial information.

Benefits of Cyber Security
1.Protection for your Business
Cybersecurity solutions provide digital protection to your business that will ensure your employees are not at risk from potential threats such as Adware and Ransomware.

2.Increase Productivity
Viruses can slow down computers to a crawl, and making it work practically impossible by making it extremely slow.

3.Inspires customer confidence
If you can prove that your business is effectively protected against all kinds of cyber breaches, you can ensure trust in your customers that their persona; data will not be compromised.

4.Protection for your Customers
Ensure that your business is secure from cyber threats will also help to protect your customers, who could be susceptible to a cyber breach by proxy.

Realme 2 Pro: A Real Pro

A few months back Oppo launched Realme brand as a competitor to Xiaomi Redmi series and practically broke the market with the pricing and the specification the provided at that price range was brilliant. Now Oppo has launched its new smartphone in realme series Realme 2 Pro.

Design:
1) The material used is plastic but they have used in very premium way.
2) The back has 2.5D curved glass finishing which make the back very stunning.
3) At the back there is very sizable camera bump but Realme has apparently kept the borders of the camera bump higher which means that the glass would never touch the surface and would not get damaged at all.
4) The bottom has headphone jack , micro USB Port and a single speaker grill now the speaker grill is quite loud and crisp. You will not experience any noise.
5) Fingerprint scanner is placed at the back which is quick at authentication.

Display:
1) Gorgeous near bezel-less water drop notch beautiful display.
2) It is 6.3-inch Full HD+ with tiny notch up top that is responsible for a 90.8% screen to body ratio which is quite high.
3) The screen is covered with Corning Gorilla Glass.
4) The sim tray can accommodate two nano 4G SIM cards and there's is a dedicated slot for a micro SD card too.

Specification:
1) Specification of Realme 2 Pro is quite solid.
2) All variants come with the Qualcomm Snapdragon 616 SOC which is pretty powerful optical chip at this price range.
3) It works on color OS 5.2 which is based on Android One Oreo.
4) In Addition to face unlock and it also support Face Unlock which is really quick at authentication and it only works when your eyes are open.
5) Smart Sidebar is handy utility which gives you a slide-out panel from the edge of the screen to quick access to things like File Manager, Camera etc.
6) Call Quality is good and you have inbuilt Call Recorder.
7) 16-Megapixel Primary Sensor f/1.7 Aperture which captures good details in daylight and the autofocus speed is quite good.
8) There is secondary 2-megapixel sensor which is used for depth calculation.
9) 16-megapixel front camera which comes with bokeh effects HDR and a screen flash.Image quality is decent but details could have been better.
10) 3500 mAh Battery which can easily last as an entire day on a single charge.

The phone is available in 3 RAM and storage configurations to suit your budget.
1) 4GB RAM/64GB Storage.
2) 6GB RAM/64GB Storage.
3) 8GB RAM/128GB Storage.

The best thing about Realme 2 pro is its price. It's unbelievable that this phone costs less than Rs. 20000 and it can stand among phones to be one of the best displays under 20000 or even under 30000. This screen to the body is clearly the best under 20000.

Pros:
1) The display is very attractive.
2) Snapdragon 660 with 4 GB which is quite fast.
3) Battery life is quite good.
4) Camera Quality is brilliant.
5) No lag in high end games like PUBG and Asphalt 9.
6) Face recognition is quick.


Cons:
1) No FM Radio and No NFC.
2) No fast charging.
3) A material used is plastic which they have tried to make it look like glass one.
4) Average low light camera performance.

Price:  Rs. 13990(4GB RAM/64GB Storage)
           Rs. 15990(6GB RAM/64GB Storage)
           Rs. 17990(8GB RAM/128GB Storage)

Lenovo Ideapad 320

Performance
Lenovo provides up to top of the line 7th Gen Intel Core i7 processing, plus up to 16 GB DDR4 memory, guarantee lightning fast responsiveness and reliable performance. Run multiple programs simultaneously, and transition seamlessly between web tabs, able to multitask with ease.

Durability
Lenovo redesigned the 320 with a sleek unibody chassis and added uniquely playful tone on tone color options: Platinum Grey, Onyx Better, Blizzard White, Denim Blue, Plum Purple, and Coral Red. The Ideapad 320 is designed to continue to be in contact with you. Lenovo provides it with a special protective finish to guard against wear and tear and added rubber detailing on the bottom cover to maximize ventilation and extend product life.

Graphics
The Ideapad 320 offers a range of graphics option, including a powerful NVIDIA GeForce 940MX graphics card. Discrete graphics card rely on their own processing power, so you'll experience smoother graphics, less screen tearing and better gaming performance without compromising overall speed and responsiveness. Whether you are playing a game or creating or editing content, you'll enjoy crisp visuals.

Resolution
The Ideapad 320 gives up to Full High Definition resolution and features anti-glare technology. You will have beautiful true visual clarity when you watch movies, browse the web, and more.

Hybrid storage
Lenovo comes with the ample storage of up to 2 TB SATA HDD or performance-enhancing hybrid storage, with up to 128 GB PCIe SSD plus 1 TB  SATA HDD. You will have more than enough room to build your collection of photos, movies and more without spending extra money.

Fingerprint access
Login to your laptop in less than two seconds on our optional fingerprint reader- that's three times faster than the average time it takes to type in a password.

Display
Lenovo Ideapad comes with Full HD LED Backlit Wideview ANti-glare display of 1920 * 1080 Pixels. Display size is of 15.6 inches.

Pros
1.Fast processing capability
2. Its Screen size is really wide and you can view the content comfortably.
3.No hashes while software installation
4. The laptop has NVIDIA GE force graphics processor which allows running heavy games.

Cons
1. Battery backup is low. Charging is really quick however if you are playing games battery drains quickly.
2.Color
3. Touchpad does not come with dedicated left right click buttons.

Price: Around Rs. 50,000. And Depends on the laptop which you opt.